The project aims to improve food security and smallholder livelihoods through the widespread adoption of appropriate locally adapted agroforestry practices in key agricultural landscapes in Ethiopia, Rwanda and Uganda. It has five objectives. 1. To enhance knowledge of the impact of tree cover change on crop productivity, water, nutrients and livelihoods. 2. To integrate appropriate water management technologies and sustainable grazing options with promotion of agroforestry. 3. To establish communities of practice in the promotion of locally adaptable agroforestry options supported by appropriate inputs systems. 4. To strengthen smallholders and other market actor’s ability to participate effectively and profitably in tree product value chains. 5. To strengthen capacity of academic institutions in developing and implementing innovative agroforestry curricula.